xuyên quốc gia
Definition
- Adjective:
- Transnational: Describes something that exists, operates, or has influence across national borders, connecting multiple countries. It emphasizes activities or organizations that transcend the limits or interests of any single nation-state.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Công ty xuyên quốc gia đó có văn phòng tại 20 nước. (That transnational company has offices in 20 countries.)
- Đây là một vấn đề xuyên quốc gia cần sự hợp tác toàn cầu. (This is a transnational issue requiring global cooperation.)
- Tổ chức phi chính phủ xuyên quốc gia này tập trung vào bảo vệ môi trường. (This transnational non-governmental organization focuses on environmental protection.)
Advanced Usage
- The term is often used in academic, economic, and political contexts to discuss phenomena not confined by national boundaries, such as capital flows, cultural exchange, crime, or advocacy networks.
- It can modify various nouns, implying a cross-border nature:
- dòng vốn xuyên quốc gia (transnational capital flows)
- tội phạm xuyên quốc gia (transnational crime)
Variants and Related Words
- Toàn cầu (adj): Global. While similar, "toàn cầu" often implies a worldwide scale, whereas "xuyên quốc gia" specifically highlights the crossing of national borders.
- Đa quốc gia (adj): Multinational. Often used interchangeably with "xuyên quốc gia," though "đa quốc gia" can sometimes emphasize presence in multiple nations, while "xuyên quốc gia" emphasizes operations and integration across them.
Synonyms
- Transnational: Operating across national boundaries.
- Cross-border: Involving activity across a border between two countries.
- Multinational: Involving or operating in several nations.
Related Concepts
- Công ty xuyên quốc gia: Transnational corporation (TNC). A large company that produces and sells goods or services in multiple countries.
- Mạng lưới xuyên quốc gia: Transnational network. A system of interconnected people or organizations across different countries.